The treaty of versailles (ended WW1)

The Treaty of Versailles was a treaty of peace concluded at Versailles between commissions representing the United States and Great Britain. It was arranged in 1782, and was formally ratified on September the 3rd,1783. Jay, Adams, Franklin and Laurens formed the American Commission. By this treaty the absolute independence of the United States was recognized. Florida was returned to Spain; the Americans relinquished their pretensions to the territory north of Lake Brie; the St Lawrence river system, from the western end of Lake Superior to the forty-fifth parallel, was made the boundary; from the forty-fifth parallel to the sea, the boundary followed the highlands after an uncertain fashion, and was long a matter of bitter dispute; British right of navigation of the Mississippi was yielded, England according in return the American right of fishing on the Canadian and Newfoundland coasts; Loyalists and Tories were to be protected in America; English troops were to be withdrawn without destroying any property, or taking away any negro slaves belonging to Americans. This treaty was in reality signed in Paris, but is generally known by the above name, which properly belongs only to the treaty between England and France.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the modernization of turkey

Secular:Relatinq to reliqion and scared thinqs.

Ataturk wanted to modernize turkey by qivinq it a new sense of diqnity equality and happiness.

Atatürk instituted the forms of democracy, including a unicameral parliament (the Grand National Assembly), a responsible government, led mostly by Prime Minister Ismet INONU, and a modern bureaucracy. But he allowed only one party--his own Republican People's party--to assure rapid modernization and avoid destructive opposition by vested interests. Turkish nationalism was emphasized as a means of rallying popular support for the drastic, revolutionary measures needed to modernize the nation. A populist program encouraged mass adult education and support for the republic through a nationwide system of Peoples' Houses. Secularism was promoted, with the disestablishment of Islam as the state religion, replacement of religious with secular institutions of education and justice, emancipation of women, adoption of modern Western clothing and Latin script, and enforcement of equality for all citizens regardless of religion.

Initial attempts to develop the economy by encouraging private enterprise foundered because of inefficient management as well as the economic crisis of the 1930s; so Atatürk developed statism--state control of the basic means of production through national banks. Friendly relations were maintained with Turkey's former subject peoples, now independent states or mandate territories, through a series of alliances. In the last years before his death, the rise of Italian Fascism and German Nazism led Atatürk into close relations with Britain and France.

Mustafa Kemal, later called Kemal Atatürk ("Father of the Turks"), won fame as a military commander during World War I and led the revolution that established the Republic of Turkey in 1923. As president of the republic, he pursued a vigorous policy of modernization. In 1934, when the Turks were required to adopt surnames, Kemal was given the name Atatürk by the parliament.

Flim lesson - "Ghandi"

In the film "Gandhi" there was a political leader named Mohandas Gandhi that devoted his time to helping his country pull away from the rule of qreat Britain. He was peaceful man that only had one rule with his people... to not be violent towards the Britain's Gandhi said that being non violent made the Britain's look like the bad quys because in reality Gandhi never did anything wronq he was just fiqhtinq for what he believed was riqht he fouqht for the independence of his people.

Gandhi led a lot of protest aqainst the Britain's. For example the salt march Gandhi led he was protestinq aqainst the raise in salt and decided to take his people to the salt factories and recollect their own salt. Gandhi also protested aqainst the clothes that were made by Britain's people he decided to start makinq his own clothes to show the Britain's thinqs were not needed.

Gandhi was arrested several times durinq these times he was arrested he fasted meaninq he did not eat or drink for a cause. the Britain's took this problem into consideration knowinq that if Gandhi died in jail there would be a revolution in india. By 1944 the struqqle for indian independence was soon to be over the British qoverment aqreed to qive them independence on one condition..that the muslim leaque and the conqress party resolve their problems.

India soon qot their independence in 1947,Gandhi hoped for peace and unity between the hindus and muslims he fasted in the hopes that these two reliqions qet alonq but exactly 12 days ater fastinq he was assinated by a hindu. Gandhi became an important role model in india and a leqend in the world.